General Description

Dominant White 19 (W19) is found in Arabian horses and may result in a bald face with extended white on legs and belly spots.

W19 Founder: Not stated

W19 Phenotype: Bald face, extended white on legs, belly spots

Gene Information

KIT is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is vital for normal development. Mutations in other species have led to white spotting, anemia, sterility, and certain types of tumors. However, no negative health effects associated with dominant white have ever been documented in the horse. The various W alleles encompass a variety of mutations, all resulting in changes to the encoded protein.

References

Haase B et al., “Allelic heterogeneity at the equine KIT locus in dominant white (W) horses.” (2007) PLoS Genet. 3: e195.

Haase B et al., “Seven novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.” (2009) Anim Genet. 40: 623-9.

Holl H et al., “De novo mutation of KIT discovered as a result of a non-hereditary white coat colour pattern.” (2010) Anim Genet. 41: 196-8.

Haase B et al., “Five novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.” (2011) Anim Genet. 42: 337-9.

Hauswirth R et al., “Novel variants in the KIT and PAX3 genes in horses with white-spotted coat colour phenotypes.” (2013) Anim Genet. 44: 763-5.

Holl H et al., “A novel splice mutation within equine KIT and the W15 allele in the homozygous state lead to all white coat color phenotypes.” (2017) Anim Genet. DOI: 10.1111/age.12554

Durig N et al., “Whole genome sequencing reveals a novel deletion variant in the KIT gene in horses with white spotted coat colour phenotypes.” (2017) Anim Genet. In press.